In the mid 1990s I read Michael Crichton’s futuristic novel ‘Rising Sun’. In it the main character has the following discussion on video manipulation :
“But if they’re exact copies–”
“It’s nothing to do with that. All forms of photographic evidence including video, are no longer admissible in court.”
“I haven’t heard that,” I said.
“It hasn’t happened yet,” Sanders said. “The case law isn’t entirely clear. But it’s coming. All photographs are suspect these days. Because now, with digital systems, they can be changed perfectly. Perfectly.”
After reading the novel I publicly predicted that one day photo realistic movies would be made without using human actors. A few months later I became aware of William Gibson’s novel ‘Idoru’ which features just such an artificial celebrity. Then, when working on my 2004 term paper “Sousveillance and Surveillance: Eroding Privacy”, I saw that others (Kimberly Amaral quoting Gregory Stone) had been saying the same things outside of fiction:
I don’t think you can use photography or video anymore as evidence. It’s too easy to manipulate…I don’t see how it’s going to stand up anymore
How close is all this stuff? Can video or photographic evidence still be trusted? Have a look at ‘Emily’ by Image Metrics (also discussed here) and see Microsoft’s latest research (also discussed here)
I have been interested in data forensics for as long as I can remember … and forensics naturally leads to Anti-forensics. I think Anti-forensics applies to video just as it does to hard drive contents.